Tuesday, June 21, 2005
This Day:

Did anyone else have the same experience? A new study suggests that the brain has problems listening and looking at the same time! The parts of the brain that handle visual input are less effective when the mind is also processing audio input, and vice versa. According to Steven Yantis, a Johns Hopkins University psychologist, directing attention to listening effectively 'turns down the volume' on input to the visual parts of the brain.

The Brain (Courtesy: ScienceBob)
In the study, people aged 19 to 35 watched a rapidly changing display of letters and numbers while listening to three voices speak other letters and numbers. The scientists recorded brain activity. When the test subjects paid attention to the screen, activity decreased in the parts of their brain responsible for listening.
Surprisingly, when a subject was told to shift attention from vision to hearing, the brain's parietal cortex and the prefrontal cortex produced a burst of activity. The scientists assume it was a signal to initiate the shift of attention. Experts had previously thought those parts of the brain were only involved in processing visual information.
This has interesting implications. For example, talking on the phone while driving might reduce your awareness of your surroundings. But again, we do not find watching movies to be problematic just because there is a lot of dialogue. So, the scientists perhaps need to flesh this out a little bit more:).

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8 Comments:

At June 23, 2005 5:24 AM, Blogger Onkroes said...
"For example, talking on the phone while driving might reduce your awareness of your surroundings"

Oooh contentious! Actually the same applies to talking to a passenger in the car, with the added distraction of looking at them (as some people seem to keep turning to look at their passengers while talking to them!)

I don't think it reduces awareness generally, so much as reduces your ability to concentrate (which I think is different).

It's a well known fact (which means it could be wrong, but does seem to be supported by this study) that if you're trying to listen carefully, closing your eyes helps you concentrate. I've found this myself (except it interferes with my driving sometimes;-))
 
At June 23, 2005 5:29 AM, Blogger Sray said...
True. But when u are talking with a passenger, he/she is also aware of the surroundings, and will stop talking (hopefully) if u are taking in a dangerous turn, or changing lanes, etc. That is not true for cellphone conversations, as the person on the other line might decide to scream right at that moment! And abt. closing eyes, I do it a lottt when I am listening to music :)... but it hasnt interfered in my driving, yet!
 
At June 23, 2005 7:34 AM, Blogger broomhilda said...
I sometimes have problems hearing what someone is saying or understanding their words and find myself lip reading while listening.
I also listen to music and talk on my cell phone (hands free) while driving and so far, it hasn't interfered with my ability to pay attention to what is going on around me.
 
At June 23, 2005 8:14 AM, Blogger Sray said...
Listening to music is a different process, I think. We dont listen to every word that is spoken, but just absorb the music. So we can concentrate on other things while listening to music. The lip reading part is interesting! Sometimes, it is easier to understand a different/unknown accent if we could see the person face-to-face and see his/her lips move.
 
At June 23, 2005 12:26 PM, Blogger Wayne Smallman said...
When you think about it, it's hardly a surprising finding, is it?

The sheer amount of data that thew brain has to deal with when processing vision when compared to hearing has to be huge.

You don't just see stuff, you're gauging depth, picking out patterns, assessing threat value, speed, motion .. on and on and on...
 
At June 23, 2005 3:10 PM, Blogger Sray said...
Seeing does involve a lot of data transfer between the eyes and the brain. But, the brain also interpolates and extrapolates what it sees, and makes our experience seem more 'real'. Our brain constantly fills in the blanks with our memories, and from what we just saw before the current scene.
 
At June 23, 2005 4:51 PM, Blogger Wayne Smallman said...
It's amazing how truly poor the source images are coming from the eyes and how must post-processing the brain has to do.

Among other things, the eyes see upside down! So that's the first thing that's sorted out...
 
At June 23, 2005 6:46 PM, Blogger Sray said...
Yup! First of all the image is inverted. The eye separates the color and the brightness information. The brain then processes motion, edges, patterns and depth, fills up hidden regions, extrapolates hidden motions, adjusts contrast, coordinates the input from both eyes with sound if any, corrects for any head or eye movements, and finally, uses memory to fill in hidden/unknown detail. Phew!!
 

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